The New Monday Quiz I

Dearest Readers: By popular consent, Infinite Art Tournament is rather proud, actually, to bring you the first running of The New Monday Quiz!!!

(Last week didn't count, obviously.  That was a pilot!)

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1. This record is widely considered one of the greatest is the history of jazz.  Except, I accidentally covered up the name of the artist.  Who is he?

2. Element 27 is a silvery-grey metal like the rest of them, but its compounds are widely use to give glass, paints, and ink a bright, distinctive color.  (It's also the important ingredient in Vitamin B-12!)  But what is its name?

3. Who is the very important historical guy shown on this 1982 French stamp?

4. "With his mazurkas and polonaises," says the Wiki, he "has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism."  Who was this patriotic Pole?

5. At #74 on the imdb database's user-voted listed of the best 250 movies of all time -- right below Return of the Jedi -- this 1971 movie is perhaps more popular than most explorations into the nature of morality.  What is its title?

6. This passage illustrates the central idea of what popular 1961 novel?

Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions. Orr would be crazy to fly more missions and sane if he didn't, but if he was sane, he had to fly them. If he flew them, he was crazy and didn't have to; but if he didn't want to, he was sane and had to. Yossarian was moved very deeply by the absolute simplicity of this clause... and let out a respectful whistle.

7. This painting is unmistakably representative of famous 20th-century painter.  Who is he?

8. In Catholicism, this name refers to a influential figure in the Counter-Reformation, an Archbishop of Milan from the wealthy and powerful Borromeo family. In the Anglican tradition, it refers to the king whose refusal to compromise his belief in the divine right of kings ended in his execution and the institution of Oliver Cromwell's Commonwealth. And on the Monopoly board, his "place" has a rent of ten dollars. Who -- or what name -- are we talking about?

9. What is shown on this map?

10. This title character of a Charles Dickens novel starts out as an architecture student, but when he realizes that his apprenticeship supervisor is exploiting him and stealing his work he heads off the the frontier of the United States to try his luck in the new city of "Eden." Who is he?